Freedom Fighters · Unsung Heroes

Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu

died 1855–56

Brothers who led the Santhal Hul of 1855, one of the great Adivasi uprisings against colonial rule.

Portrait of Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu (India Post commemorative stamp, 2002)
India Post commemorative stamp, 2002 · Post of India · GODL-India · Source

On 30 June 1855 the brothers Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu called thousands of Santhals together at Bhognadih and launched the Hul (rebellion) against oppressive moneylenders, landlords and the East India Company that supported them. The uprising was suppressed by early 1856 and both brothers were killed.

Early life and background

Sidhu and Kanhu were born in Bhognadih village in the Damin-i-koh region of the Rajmahal hills. Their brothers Chand and Bhairav and sisters Phulo and Jhano also took part in the Hul.

Historical context

Santhals who had cleared and settled the Damin-i-koh were burdened by high rents, debt bondage and exploitation by moneylenders and traders, enforced through the colonial legal system.

Key achievements

The brothers mobilised Santhal communities across a wide area. The Hul spread quickly and challenged Company authority for several months before it was suppressed by military force.

Important events and milestones

  • 30 June 1855 Gathering at Bhognadih; the Hul begins.
  • July–December 1855 The rebellion spreads across the Rajmahal hills.
  • 1855–56 Both brothers killed as the rebellion is suppressed.
  • 1855 Santhal Parganas constituted as a separate district.

Awards and honours

India Post issued a stamp in their honour in 2002. Sido Kanhu Murmu University in Dumka is named after them.

Their sacrifice

Both brothers were killed during the suppression of the Hul; sources give different dates and circumstances.

Enduring legacy

The Hul is remembered as one of the earliest mass uprisings against colonial rule and a defining moment in Santhal history.

References

  1. Wikipedia — Santal rebellion (with cited sources)

Portrait: India Post commemorative stamp, 2002 · Post of India · GODL-India · Source · Licence terms

This account is compiled from the sources listed and is offered as a tribute, not as an official record. Corrections are welcome at connect@vedacloud.ai.

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